For and against

This essay will also consider three broad areas in support of the statement mentioned such as validity, convenience and privacy and will explore arguments against the statement such as amusement, audience rating and riots. It is undoubtedly the case that media is a crucial approach for people to obtain the social information immediately. The validity of this information must include accuracy and practicability (Brigit, 2003). In other words, people secure the news useful and helpful for themselves. Because news is direct way to receive the data providing not only policy but also employment.In fact, most people tend to read the newspapers to gain the up-to-date news, when having a breakfast. If the news is unreliable or unavailable, nobody will trust it and news indeed lose its meaning. In addition, media brings us convenience in the routine, especially providing advertisement and entertainment. Contemporaries, people can Just stay at home and receive what they want, such as shopping and booking goods on the television. At the same time, people can receive the pleasure when watching some comedies and cartoon. Besides, paying more attention to expose the personal lives of famous people in the public is immoral.Walks(2013) states that everybody has the right to keep the privacy. To over concern their privacy is possible to make celebrities gloomy or stressful and this might lead to they get psychological disease. Although the favorable points of media reporting the relative news are apparent, its drawbacks can also be frustrating. Initially, famous people in magazine are the highlight when people read it. It is obvious that people in the developing rapidly society undertake numerous stresses come from live and work and they need relax.Therefore, amusement in media has become an essential factor when reading it in leisure time. Furthermore, if the news from media is totally about policy and employment, the readers must feel monotonous and annoyed and this probably leads to the audience rating is decreasing and affect the benefits of media. If media broadcasts the whole actual political issue on governments as negative, it is easy to cause mass rioting. People need the real and positive news to support contemporary government and to make a contribution to the society, but over-passive news will cause conflict and complaint to government.From what has been discussed above, the arguments in favor of media reporting the relative news are stronger than those against, on condition that appropriately putting some stories of famous people to increase the interests of reading or watching news. In conclusion, broadcasting relative news for media is necessary in order to deliver the news with reliability and practicability. This measure would not only bring convenience in routine life, but also protect celebrities' privacy.

Personal Recount Essay

Megan did not have a bright attitude towards school. She was always not looking forward to studying because she has problem coping in school. Whenever they bring in a new topic, she sighs heavily knowing she would take a long time to understand it even though it is considered an easy topic to the rest of the class. She was always positioned last in class and having a mere fifty-five percent and below for her percentage in exams and tests. Her position in level is one of the bottom few. She did not like being in a school filled with intellegent students. Her teacher, Mrs Tay, had asked the class to prepare a short speech to say in front of the class on what they want to be when they grow up and what are they are going to do to achieve their goal. Most of the students had said that they want to be a doctor, a lawyer, a banker or even an Army Sergent. Many of them had bright futures waiting for them. They all wanted to complete their Masters and futher their education abroad. When it came to Megan’s turn, she look down into her script nervously and read out her speech. She was hesitant to speak the truth but she decided that she should not be embarrased as she too has embitions. She wanted to be a veternarian to help cure sick and needy animals as she had once lost her dog in a car accident. Many of her classmates were shocked. They did not expect a weak student to have high embitions. After speaking out, her classmates shouted from their seats, saying she can do it. Mrs Tay gave words of encourangement which made her delighted. After class, Megan went up to Mrs Tay. She asked her if she could have one-to-one sessions with her to help her. Mrs Tay gladly took her under her wings. As months pass and her PSLE finishing, Megan made an increasing improvement. She was now confident in her work, partake in class work and volunteer to help others. Teachers were saying among themselves that she has changed into a positive and outspoken person unlike before. She was the role model of many students in her school. When the day of the results of the PSLE came, Megan was confident. She knew she had done her best regardless of her aggregate. Mrs Tay passed to her her certificate and it shows A for most of her subjects. Megan jumped for joy and many of her friends went up to her to congratulate her. Her effort paid off. If she had not shared her embitions, she wouldn’t be excelling in her subjects.

ALTERNATIVE PERSPECTIVES ON MANAGMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

ALTERNATIVE PERSPECTIVES ON MANAGMENT - Essay Example Thus management involves achieving competencies in human resources management, administration, and organizational leadership among others areas (Koontz & Weihrich, 1990). In addition, organizational image and identity refers to that which is most central, distinct and most enduring about an organization. In other words the image and identity refers to â€Å"who we are as an organization† (Whatten & Mackey, 2002). This definition indicates the other organization and ‘we’ are one and the same thing, which cannot be separated by any means. For example, a Human resource manager is involved in recruiting, training, and creating policies to motivate and retain the workforce within an organization. In performing these functions, the HRM performs a political function by creating and allocating people to positions of power within the organization (Devanna et al, 1981), and how payments and rewards are distributed. On the other hand, the manager is functional as they have t o design policies and strategies that have to ensure the recruited employees contribute to development and improvement of the firm. The manager performs a rational activity by having well organized and structured policies that will help in achieving certain ends to the benefit of the company while at the same time rewarding employees for their input. Likewise organization image is a political process as it uses the power of influencing perception. An organization has to improve its image so as to appear more aligned within a certain goal, which influences public’s perception. The strategies and policies put in place to enhance and achieve this image constitute the functional process. Its rationality is in the purpose of achieving an end, which is attracting more customers and investors through improved corporate image, while at the same time gaining the support of employees. However, the current developments in organizational study have resulted into critical theories that fi nd the mainstream management to be poorly structured in effectively addressing all the concerns of stakeholders (Adler, Forbes, Willmott, 2007) This is because; the current management structure gives more advantage to managers; sometimes misuse these positions to benefit the organization at the cost of stakeholders. According to Contu & Willmott (2003) there is unstable institutionalization of power within capitalist type of organizations where profit making is the sole purpose of such organizations. On the other hand, Lukes (2005) explains organizations that have decisions emanating from the decision makers only have one dimensional power prevailing in decision making, instead of having an agenda control type of decision making. As Heydebrand (2007) elaborates, the new organizational critic theories argue that the basic importance of power at the very initial level of management is to prevent grievances and unnecessary conflicts through consent. It seeks to define the social realit y including what people are actually thinking, acting, feeling and shaping the very definition of what is free and unfree, good and evil, or true or false (Heydebrand, 2009, Herbamas, 1990). Thus management conflict is central to important functions in the organizations such as bargaining, mediation in labor laws, other extra legal disputes, and negotiations (Stone, 2001). Largely, these are the major lacking attributed in the mainstream ma

Small Business Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Small Business Finance - Essay Example Another is the Firestone Energy Limited, which classifies, assesses, develops mineral survey and mining schemes mainly situated in Australia and Africa, and discovers coal (Firestone energy, 2011). Legal Ownership Structure As at the time of the prospectus; Exterra Resources Limited owned rights to obtain full interest in the Linden Gold operation to be found at the southern part of the Laverton Tectonic Zone, on the eastern border of the Norseman-Wiluna belt; and the Egerton scheme sited in the Gascoyne region on the northern boundary of Yilgarn Craton. The firm also has rights to get hold of 90% interest Leonora Gold venture found in the Archaean Norseman-Wiluna belt, at the east of Leonora in the Murrin Greenstone Belt (Exterra Resources Limited, 2011). In 2009, this company was also incorporated and was found in West Perth, Australia. Likewise, Firestone Energy Limited was given the Mining Right authorization to quarry coal for three decades on the seven properties enclosed in th e venture by the Mineral Resources sector in South Africa. The authorization was in condition that a sum of A$1million to be paid in 10 days, which was to be a set down for the Mine Rehabilitation requirement (Firestone energy, 2011). ... There were resources and main targets for instant drilling on record (Exterra Resource Limited, 2011). In addition, diamond drilling outcome for the three ventures was reliable with past drilling and with various catches having observable gold. Simultaneously, offer from Firestone Energy was not countersigned. The issuers were moved by the fact that, the company had joint business enterprises with international black cost-effective empowerment mining and Power Company with more than eight firms in the Waterberg coalfield, where it intended to enlarge a coal mining scheme. They needed to exploit investor’s significance by supplying and increasing possible mineral plans. They also wanted a rapid investigation plan to develop the Waterberg source. Signaling Mechanism that Issuer’s used There are so many indicators that the issuers in the two companies have used. Such like, how the offer would affect the company and its net asset per share the effects that the issue will ha ve to the monetary status of the business. The productivity and -trade and industry risks, foreign exchange rate variations, risk of the offer to the company and the capital obligation, as well. Furthermore, they have considered the environmental threats, discovering of economic resources and the extent of success of the ventures (Firestone Energy, 2010). They also raised concern on access to land and their access to additional capital. The issuers should utilize these signals to allow the prospects and then public at large to evaluate the situations and be able to make independent decisions. These will always guide on how trustworthy the offer is and how much beneficial it will be to the

How Non-conventional interfaces such as the Wii and Kinect represent Essay

How Non-conventional interfaces such as the Wii and Kinect represent the future of Games - Essay Example The gaming consoles that are solely non-conventional interface based are primarily introduced by three technological companies: Nintendo Wii, PlayStation’s Move and Microsoft’s Kinect for Xbox 360. Wii was released by Nintendo on the 19th of November 2006. The distinguishing feature of Wii is its wireless controller called the Wii remote which was an imaginative introduction to the gaming world. IT was distinct at that point in time because the Wii remote was a handheld pointing device that detected movement in three dimensions. This design allowed the users of the console to approach the game in two ways: one being the traditional use of the buttons and the second being the new method of using physical gestures in order to control movements in the game.(Guardian 2012) PlayStation’s Move was introduced in the markets in September 2010. Move was motion-sensing game controller platform that was based on the technology used by the Nintendo Wii. The main part of the PlayStation Move technology is the Motion Controller with its lit sphere. This Motion controller is a wand controller that allows the user and the player to connect with the game using the controller that interacted with the PlayStation Move Eye camera through motion and position. The Eye camera tracks the position and motion of the wand with the help of inertial sensors embedded in it. Microsoft’s Kinect for Xbox 360 can easily be considered the latest revolution in the non-conventional interface gaming. Kinect has taken the world by storm as the motion sensing input device that works together with the Xbox 360 gaming console. The device is basically a web-cam style device that detects the body motion and gestures without the need of a game controller. By using an  infrared  projector and camera and a special microchip to track the movement of objects and individuals in three

Professional investment tear sheet for four companies (in my Essay

Professional investment tear sheet for four companies (in my dissertation) - Essay Example Being one of the biggest petrochemical companies in the world, the companty has done extremley well to be the most profitable company in the Middle East. It is also one of the leading suppliers of thermoplastics in the world. The Saudi Basic Industries Corporation is a pulic company headquartered in Riyadh. 70% of the company is owned by the government and 30% is owned by the public. The company has its operations spread over 40 countries and its main business segments are chemicals, plastics, fertilizers, metals and innovative plastic. The recommendation would be to buy the share of Dow Chemical. Even though the current price is $26.96, the targetted price is $42.35 and this is approxiamtely 60% more than the current price. Therefore it would be beneficial to buy the shares now. American based Dow Chemical is the biggest chemical corporation in the world. Dow Chemicals has a diverse range of products and services that include chemicals, plastic materials and agricultural products. With over 50,000 employees the company is operational in over 160 countries. The recommendation for DuPont shares would be to hold the shares. There is a slight difference (increase of 7%) from the current price to the targetted price. Therefore, it would make financial sense if the shares are held and not sold right now. America based, DuPont is a chemical company. With its operations spread over continenets: North America, South America, Europe and Asia Pacifc, it has around 60,000 employees world over. It has wide range of diverse products and services wich include electronics and communications, nutrition, safety and protection, agriculture, home and construction, apparel and

Entering the conversation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Entering the conversation - Essay Example In the event of such occurrences, human beings have been urged to accommodate the feelings and opinions of other parties involved in the dialogue (14). The author gives a detailed example of the notions a lot of people have on vegetarianism. Most people are of the opinion that vegetarianism is a lifestyle while others hold the opinion the lifestyle is dreadful (15). All in all, the author analyses both sides of the concept so as to include the opposing ideas and the ones for the lifestyle. Essentially, this is to mean that all propositions and opinions of all persons are important and must be considered in entirety. Anything is expected in the course of any form of conversation (14). The author of Reading Strategies indicates that an all-inclusive reading involves various steps. The first must be inclusive of making a preview of the entire text. Through a brief preview, the reader is able to have a quick glimpse of the ideas portrayed by the author (353). The reader must then analyse the thoughts of the author from one’s point of view. This entails the perception one holds regarding the text, either repugnance or acceptance to the author’s ideas. Afterwards, the reader must annotate the key points brought forward by the author in the text, a process that which is only successful whilst weighing the author’s viewpoints in mind. Doubting and validating the author’s views scrutinizes the reliability of the work (358). A good example is Lessig’s work where the author takes the reader through the process of analysis of a piece. On another point of view, the author argues that summarizing the main points in the course of reading helps to confirm that all sections have been analyzed properly (360). At times the author uses some patterns whilst compiling their work, which may help readers have a summary of the text (361). The readers must also use color to highlight main points in the text. All

Personal Debt Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Personal Debt Management - Essay Example ategy, but this was not the case because the debts were piling up and interest raised to unexpected amounts and this prompted me to have a debt repayment plan. It has helped me in keeping my expenditures and incomes in line, and I have reduced the amount I borrow and spend to pay for my necessities. Prior to having a debt management plan I would receive calls from my debtors every time because I was not able to make timely repayments and this would really disturb me since I had not learnt how to manage my finances. I would have my credit cards rejected when paying for food and other necessities, and this was because managing my finances was a hard task. The debt management plan has enabled me to manage my finances and now I can live comfortably knowing that all my debts will be paid on time without having to bring me discomforts and disappointments (Garman & Forgue, 2011). Currently I have debts from 3 sources, and they are my college loan, which amounts to $18,000, rent money, which amounts to $3000 and a medical bill of $500. To see that I ensure that my debt management plan gets me out of debt I actively engage in behavioral steps, which will see me out of debt. The first step I will undertake is to figure out my spending patterns and eliminate the unnecessary expenses which are bound to increase my debts. I will write down every expense regardless of how small it is, and this will help me in identifying my fixed and variable costs. After this, I will tally the expenses with my income, and this will be helpful in curbing my expenses since i will be able to eliminate the unnecessary costs. The next step will be to consider the amount I get from boosting my income through other income generating activities, and this will help me in knowing my surplus. The next step I will take is to make a list of all my debts and the interests they accrue, and this will help me in lightening my load debt. To practically implement this, I will use the basics of debt reduction,

Principles of marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Principles of marketing - Essay Example P&G has always tried to position their product differently according to the changing need and preferences of the people. In the detergent market, marketers are launching their detergents in small easy to handle containers at low price. In this way marketers wanted to prove that they were charging less for more. P&G reduced their commercialization and increase their perceived value by introducing Tide with bleach, cold water Tide, Tide with bounce, etc. So by this it could be clearly assumed that P&G has an excellent marketing team to plan out such marketing strategies, so that it always remains the market leader. Table of Contents PRINCIPLES OF MARKETING 14 1 4 Mission, Vision and Objectives of Procter & Gamble 5 Mission and Vision 5 Objectives 5 Market Overview 6 Competitors 6 Customer Expectations 7 Consumer Behavior 7 Cultural Factors 7 Social Factors 8 Psychological Factors 8 Personal Factors 8 SWOT Analysis 9 Strength 9 Weakness 9 Opportunity 9 Threat 9 Marketing Mix 10 Product 10 Price 10 Place 10 Promotion 11 Conclusion 11 References 13 Mission, Vision and Objectives of Procter & Gamble Mission and Vision Procter & Gamble is one of the largest packaged product companies in the world. This fact has always motivated the company for their purpose inspired growth. The company's mission is to improve the lives of the customers round the world. The long term visions of Procter & Gamble are: The company wants to use 100 percent renewable and recycled material for the products and packaging. The plants of the company should be powered by 100 percent renewable energy. They want zero manufacturing waste to go to landfills. The company wants to design the products for maximum customer delight and conserving the natural resource (P&G, 2012). Objectives The company wants to win the customers, and help its leading brands to grow and expand into different countries. It wanted to focus mainly on the core business and build is strong global market leaders. The company al so has the objective maintaining growth and sustainability in different parts of the world. Market Overview In this study we would see the different aspects of the marketing principles and strategies with regards to a very popular brand of Procter & Gamble known as Tide. It is one of the most famous detergent brands of Procter & Gamble. It is one of the flagship brands of P & G. The basic policy of the company is to boost the sales and stimulate the customers to buy the products. This popular detergent was first launched in the market in 1946. The logo of Tide that we see today was slightly modified in 1996. P & G enjoys a well-established recognition in the developed countries of the world like United States, and Europe. The CEO of the company Bob McDonald announced in 2010 that they wanted to expand their markets and penetrate more into Chinese and Indian markets. Their aim is to reach the target of 1 billion customer base in these parts of the world. The closest competitor of P & G is Unilever and Henkel. In Figure 1 we can see that Tide is the market leader in the US detergent market among all the other brands and products of other companies. In fact, the P & G has the greatest market share among all the companies producing detergent. P & G has all its detergent brands in the top list of the consumers. Tide captures about 45 percent of the market alone. The other detergent brands capture 13 percent of the ma

Unemployment in the Recent Recession Essay Example for Free

Unemployment in the Recent Recession Essay The United States of America is currently suffering from an economic recession as the country’s economy is taking a steep decline. In line with this recession, the unemployment rate has also risen to the highest level it reached within twenty-six years. In addition, Americans have been cutting their expenses and are living below their means. Furthermore, their expenses are expected to go higher without knowing when it would stop. The recession indeed caused a major set back on the United States wealth, cutting the net worth of every household in the States. The unemployment rate hit 8. 1% as the United States lost more than four million jobs since the recession began; a quarter of million jobs lost coming from the areas of construction and manufacturing. In addition, people with part-time jobs who are looking for full time jobs bubbled to 14. 8% of the total number of employed workers. In this light, economists have predicted that if the decline of the U. S economy continues, the unemployment rate in the country will reach 10%. And if the economy continues to worsen, the lowest employment rate in the history of the United States will be reached (Evans). After the surge in unemployment, many Americans have cut down their expenses. Even though some still have decent and stable jobs, they still feel the need of to save their money. They curtail their spending by going to discount stores. In line with cutting down their expenses, most Americans opt to settle on their old stuff which are still usable, rather than buying new ones. Moreover, parents encourage their children to spend little and save their money. In addition, people who used to dream of studying in private colleges are now looking for state colleges (Dougherty). Consumer purchase is indeed an important indicator of an economy’s progress since it is occupies a great part in the country’s Gross Domestic Product or GDP. As such, a decline in the consumer purchase largely affects the GDP in general. Consequently, a lower GDP would also mean that the country also has lower revenue (Dougherty). Aside from lower revenues, the thrifty lifestyle that most Americans are now keeping is also said to have negative effects on employment. The cut on spending by Americans who have, as economists say, buying power, depletes the consumer demand. As a result, companies will decrease their production before the prices go down because of oversupply. In line with this, more employees had to be laid off from their work. Thus, every healthy consumer who does not buy what he or she should buy is making his or her contributions on the increasing unemployment rate and on the economic recession (Evans). However, consumers who still have jobs should not be blamed if they have opted to cut down their spending. They too, are being plagued by the current economic recession; and as such, they are also dealing with their own problems. Most of them are concerned with the shrinking value of their retirement funds and other investments. In addition, most of them are also afraid to lose their jobs. As such, they tend to save more for their future (Dougherty). Furthermore, the rise in unemployment and curtailing of expenses by Americans tend to lower the wealth of the United States. Accordingly, the wealth of every American household has lessened; as such, most Americans are expected to lose money everyday rather than earn. In addition, mortgages and credit-card debts have already reached the total of 13 trillion dollars. In line with this, the equity of house owners already fell to 43%; which means that the value of houses has declined to 43% of the original price because of mortgages and loans (Kalita). With these situations at hand, the government should be held responsible in creating a probable solution to recover from the recession. Indeed, government officials have been working overtime to restore the country’s economy progress. As such, the government has released billions of dollars to fund American companies that were greatly affected by the recession. This act from the government has helped to save 3. 5 million of jobs for the American employees. Also, a part of this fund will be used to finance government programs that will help Americans to get back to their normal life again. This stimulus fund, as Summers said in his address to the Brookings Institution, will be used for the purpose of recovery and expansion. Unfortunately, the government does not know when the recession will be over. Furthermore, Summers said that they spend large amounts of money everyday on the financial system to get the economy back to its feet again (Barkley and Pulizzi). However, even as the American economy positively reacts and flourishes again, Americans will not immediately feel its effects on the employment sector. This is due to the fact that the employment sector is an avenue of the economy that is slow to react in response to economic growth. It means that even if the economic situation of the United States improved, the employment rate is likely to move up little by little every month. Thus, the government would have to create more jobs to ensure that there is a large scale increase in jobs. They have to work on livelihood programs to help unemployed people to cope with the ongoing recession (Evans). The government is perceived to do all it can to attend to the needs of the American people and to surpass the current financial crisis. As such, they have released funds in order to support companies that are in need of help and also generated plans to further help the people. In addition, they have constantly encouraged the American people to help in building the blocks to stop the ongoing crisis. The government pronounced that healthy consumers should not be afraid in spending more to increase consumer demand and help the economy to move in the right direction. If the consumer purchases increase, the government revenue will also increase, thus pulling the economy up (Barkley and Pulizzi). As unemployment rate continuously increases, the U. S government may take longer to provide probable solution to the economy. However, the President of the United States and the government has shown that they are optimistic that the economy will recover. They believe that the programs that they are executing and planning will help the economy to become stronger and move towards recovery. And consequently, the problems of unemployment will be eradicated, thus helping Americans to live a better life. Works Cited Barkley, Tom, and Henry Pulizzi. 14 March 2009. â€Å"Summers: Timing of Turnaround Is Unclear. † Wall Street Journal. 20 March, 2009 http://online. wsj. com/article/SB123695590029320001.html. Dougherty, Conor. 7 March, 2009. â€Å"Those Who Are Still Working Spend Less, Deepening Gloom. † Wall Street Journal. 20 March, 2009 http://online. wsj. com/article/SB123638518267558311. html? mod=relevancy. Evans, Kelly. 8 March, 2009. †Jobless Rate Tops 8%, Highest in 26 Years†. Wall Street Journal. 20 March, 2009 http://online. wsj. com/article/SB123634566437552601. html. Kalita, S. Mitra. 13 March, 2009. â€Å"Americans See 18% of Wealth Vanish. † Wall Street Journal. 20 March, 2009 http://online. wsj. com/article/SB123687371369308675. html.

Development of E-Recruitment Software

Development of E-Recruitment Software 3.7 Advantages Disadvantages of E-Recruitment There are many benefits both to the employers and the job seekers but the not also free from a few shortcomings. Some of the advantages and the disadvantages of e –Recruitment are as follows: Advantages of E-Recruitment (For the Proposed System) are: Lower costs to the organization. Also, posting jobs online is cheaper than advertising in the newspapers. No intermediaries. Reduction in the time for recruitment (over 60 percent of the hiring time). Facilitates the recruitment of right type of people with the required skills. Improved efficiency of recruitment Process Gives a 24*7 access to online collection of resumes. Online recruitment helps the organizations to weed out the unqualified candidates in an automated way. Recruitment websites also provide client companies with valuable data and information regarding the compensation offered by their competitors which helps the HR managers to take various HR decisions like promotions, salary trends in industry etc Disadvantages of E-Recruitment Apart from the earlier named benefits, e-recruitment has its own demerits/ disadvantages. Some of them are: Screening and checking the skill mapping and authenticity of millions of resumes is a problem and time consuming exercise for organizations. Internet access is yet to become a household need and not a want as there is still little or no awareness in many locations across Nigeria. In Nigeria, the employers and the employees still prefer a face-to-face interaction rather than sending e-mails. Other users can have access to the system provided he or she meets the pre condition Unacceptable changes can be made to any of the editable information details i.e. updating false records. Unauthorized staff are banned from getting access to the facility as the case may be ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM OF THE APPLICATION (ER DIAGRAM) DATABASE DESIGN FOR THE E-HIRING APPLICATION Chapter Four System DESIGN 4.1 System design is change from a user oriented document to programmers or data base personnel. The design is a solution on how to approach the creation of a new system. This is composed of several steps. It provides the understanding and procedural details necessary for implementing the system recommended in the feasibility study. Designing involves the logical and physical stages of development, logical designs reviews the present physical system, prepares input and output specification, details of implementation plan and prepare a logical design walkthrough. The database tables are designed by analyzing functions involved in the system and format of the fields is also designed. The fields in the database tables should define their role in the system. The unnecessary fields should be avoided because it affects the storage areas of the system. Then the design of the input and output screen should be made user friendly. The menu should be precise and compact. 4.2 ANALYSIS OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM The newly designed system should improve the workability of the existing system. It would take care of the shortfalls i.e. problems encountered using the manual system of recruitment. It will have a self service module for the applicant’s registration. The proposed system will be user friendly which makes it easier, faster, and more reliable to use. For this project, the platform will have a web site which any user of internet can access. Once the applicants have registered they can send their details and the system will automatically store them in the respective fields. The user should be able to: Login to the system through the first page of application Centralize and automate administration of the application at the departmental level. Use self-service and self-guided services (applicants registration) Consolidate recruitment activities on a scalable web-based platform Support portability and standards Personalize content and enable exchange of applicants Manage applicants Handle applicant selection and sending of mails to successful applicants Display scores and transcripts 4.1 SOFTWARE DESIGN: ARCHITECTURE OF THE NEW SYSTEM In designing the software certain principles are followed: 1. Modularity and partitioning: Software is designed such that, each system should consist of a hierarchy of modules, partitioned to carry out specific functions. 2. Coupling: Modules should have little dependence on other modules of a system. 3. Cohesion: Modules should carry out a single processing function. 4. Shared use: Avoid duplication by allowing a single module to be called by others that need the function it provides. 4.2 PROCESS REQUIREMENTS USE-CASE MODELLING The main objective of constructing the requirements use-case model is to elicit and analyze requirements information which helps to prepare a model that communicates what is required from a user perspective but is free of specific details of how the system will be built and implemented. Cockburn, A (2001), notes that â€Å"a use case captures a contract, describes the system’s behavior under various conditions as the system responds to a request from one of its stakeholders†. In essence, a use case explains in a nut shell how a user (who can play a number of roles) interacts with the system under a specific set of circumstances. Pressman, S.R (2010), describes Use Case as how a user interacts with the system by defining the steps required to accomplish a specific goal. Using this approach will produce a more robust design that will be in three modules database, business logic and interface. The use of the waterfall system, RAD (rapid application development) with iterat ive and incremental development allows for the introduction of new requirements later in the project without seriously affecting the development of the final solution. The steps required to produce this model are the following: Identify business actors. Identify business requirement use cases. Construct use-case model diagram. Document business requirement use-case narratives. The project is expected to address the following areas:- Applicants Registration job category creation job Information Management Module shortlisted applicants Information Management Module The registration and management of the Company asset will contain the following unique information items: Name of applicants, Applicants details Application id, emails, discipline, job description grade ARCHITECTURE AND DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW SYSTEM Because the proposed system is web based and is going to be an ERP (enterprise Resource planning), application staff can Login at anywhere to gain access to the system. The graphical interface that would be adopted for this testing system is one whereby there is a comparison with the conventional login system where one user is permitted to login to the system at a time, multiple user login is impossible. The new system is more reliable and secure, and because it is a web based application, it can be deployed on the central server, where other work stations can be connected to it once they are on the network and users will be able to view the application. This explains the nature of the flexibility of the testing system to be developed. 4.5 INPUT DESIGN The applicant registration form will be designed such that it will include all information required about the staff job duties. The contents of this form will be similar to the hard copy form currently in use for staff appraisal A sample of some of the fields in the applicant Reg form interface is depicted below: CHAPTER FIVE: IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECT 5.1 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION OVERVIEW The development of the recruitment (E-hiring) system for the HR department of Visafone Company is made up of three layers namely: The Interface Layers. The Middle tier Layers(Business Logic) The Database Structure(Housing the database tables and stored procedures) This n tier approach to the construction, design and implementation of the project is to ensure that the application is stable and consistent such that any changes on any of the layers will not affect the other layers. For instance, if the database is changed from Microsoft SQL to Oracle, all that needs to be done is a change in connection and not a change in the entire three tier application. The key called â€Å"HR† (located between the two ) is the connection string while the key â€Å"SMTP† is the server configuration that connects to the internal mail server to send mails. A Class (Human.cs) was created as a container for all the methods that will be used by the application because the concepts of object oriented programming was used. 5.1.1 HARDWARE Windows 7 operating system Visual studio embedded on Windows 7 operating system for development Laptop 60GB HDD 2GB RAM 5.1.2 SOFTWARE Visual studio 2010 C# programming language SQL 2008 server as back end database Microsoft Visio 2007 5.2IMPLEMENTATION PROCEDURE Implementation of the web based recruitment application (E-HIRING system) went through many stages which are: 5.2.1 Database Construction After the installation of Microsoft SQL 2008 server, a new database named HRManagement was created using the SQL Enterprise Manager. The database was constructed using the flowchart designed in the previous chapter such that columns and table attributes needed for the application were created. The following tables and their corresponding parameters were created for this database. tbl_vaccancy tbl_HR tbl_Applicant tbl_ApplicantRegistration tbl_event tbl_department tbl_interviewer tbl_RegisterUser tbl_AllRequest 5.2.2 Web server Configuration To configure the web server, Microsoft Internet Information Service (IIS) was installed on the machine to be used for hosting the web pages to be accessed. This is done by: Click Start – Click Control Panel – Click Add/Remove Program – Click Add/Remove Windows Component – Check Internet Information Service – Insert Windows XP CD – Click Next – Click Finish and Reboot the machine. Click Start – Right Click My Computer and Select Manage – Click Services and Application – Expand the Internet Information Services Icon – Expand Web sites – Right Click Default Web Site – Click on Properties and configure the parameters. 5.2.3Business layer Creation and Referencing After the installation of Microsoft Visual Studio 2003, the business layer (which has to do with the business logic behind the research project) was created using the namespace FIRSBusinessLayer and the Visual Studio application gives us the Microsoft.ApplicationBlock.Data which is used for the connection to the database. In order to make them usable, they were referenced in the application by doing the following: Start Visual Studio – Click on HRManagement – Click View and select Solution Explorer (which opens at the side of the page) – Right-click References under HRManagement and click Add Reference which opens the Add Reference box. Click on Projects button – double click the FIRSBusinessLayer and click ok to add the reference as shown below: Also double click on the Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.data and click ok to reference it. A screenshot of the created methods and properties is shown below: 5.2.4Creation of Interfaces These were created as modules to give the various methods the expected parameters. Visual Studio was used for designing the interfaces using the control toolbox which consists of textbox, image, buttons and labels. The following interfaces were created and viewed using Windows Explorer: CHANGEPASSWORD.aspx createApplicant.aspx CreateChannelmanager.aspx RegisterUsers.aspx setupInterviewers.aspx aboutus.aspx AllallocatedApplicant.aspx AllRegsisteredApplicant.aspx StaffLogin.aspx careers.aspx HOME.aspx HRADminframe.aspx HRlogin.aspx HRmanagement.aspx HRrespond.aspx listofjobsforRRespondr.aspx RecoverPassword.aspx StaffLogin.aspx Under Set up folder createApplicant.aspx createDepartment.aspx createHRstaff.aspx CreateVacancy.aspx StaffLogin.aspx SearchAndRequstForApplicant.aspx SearchAndRequstForvaccancy.aspx SearchAndRequstForvaccancyByVcancyNo.aspx StatusOfApllicant.aspx 5.2.5Debugging the Application The debugging tool is used essentially for testing the application to see if the three tiers (i.e. the database structure, middle tier and Interface) are properly connected. The debugging tool was used severally to see if the application can compile, many errors were displayed and break points were created at suspected sources of error and they were corrected accordingly. To confirm that the application is error free, the following was done: Open the Project in Visual Studio (i.e. HRManagement in this case) and Click Build solution on the Build button. After successful compilation, it will show â€Å"Build Succeed, 0 Skipped, 0 failed†. See screenshot below: Home.aspx is configured as the start up page for the application and all pages are linked back to the main site by clicking the HOME button on page. To run the application, Click on the Debug button and Click Start, this opens the main site through the browser. 5.3 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS In order to effectively run this application, the required minimum hardware specifications are: Processor Speed: Pentium V, 1.4GHZ RAM Size: 512MB A USB port or CD Drive Display Settings: 1024X768 pixels Operating System: Windows XP, Windows 2000 or 2003 Server 5.5USER GUIDE/MANUAL This application is to be used by three groups of people namely: Registered users: These are registered users e.g. staff, interviewers, HR assistant, Admin. etc they can request, check Applicant status, and subsequently view and allocate applicants once they have been properly authenticated by the system. The Administrator manages the software application. He performs administrative tasks such as configuring the application to automatically send mails to selected applicants generate summarized reports and create personnel. He can also Create HR Managers, Create Registered Users and Create Interviewers etc. HR personnel: These are also the soul of the software they can see all Applicants application on the system, they can also authorize/select, delete, hire, they can also create other users in the system, can close vacancy, create applicant, create interviewers and allocate interviews. Applicants: This is the person that applies for a vacancy or one that has chosen to apply into the various jobs vacancies advertised. He uses the application by applying for the various openings, and when applied a reference number is generated .With the reference number he/she can check the status of its application .i.e. hired, rejected and if vacancy is still available. Once he has submitted its application into the system, he/she can also edit some of its profile. CHAPTER SIX: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 6.1 ACHIEVEMENTS The following were achieved by the project: Uncover savings through business process improvement and support for strategic decision making Gained control of the Recruitment process Increased accountability to ensure compliance Enhanced performance of assets and the life cycle management Risk reduction through standardization and tracking, proper documentation, loss of records ,detection of employees records Align IT with business goals to support business decisions 6.2 LIMITATIONS AND CONSTRAINTS The limitations encountered in the course of this project are as follows: Because this project has to do with recruitments, the various security measures put in place by other companies visited and this made it difficult to get more information. No company wants to divulge its security information i.e. personnel records Limited materials available to specifically address the project goals Limited time to develop the application Lack of enough programming skills to come up with something better than this in terms of project delivery 6.3 AREAS OF FUTURE DEVELOPMENT While I believe a great work has been done in the development of an e-hiring recruitment processing systems for the HR department, the following still needs to be addressed: The system should be integrated with an SMS alert system using a third party provider system The application needs to be tested by so many users to ascertain its durability It database needs to be upgraded to SQL 2008 full version The system should provide high level-based approval process in order to improve security and hasten requisition process. It should provide capabilities to aid IT infrastructure staff knowing what IT assets they have, where they are and their status. Provide an avenue for easy IT Asset movement and assignment. An encryption algorithm was not used for the database as it’s not designed for commercial use and resident only on my system for project purposes. However the research work is open to further development by whoever deems it fit. 6.4 RECOMMENDATIONS Due to the deficiencies of the current method and the need to improve the method, there is a need for a web based recruitment processing system, that reduces or totally eliminates paper involvement, providing accurate inventory status report, ease decision making, and provides an avenue where by each IT asset can be tracked, assigned and re-assigned. 6.5 CONCLUSION It is expected that the E-hiring (Recruitment) system should help to increase productivity to the organization through sourcing for qualified job seekers. It should help eliminate the burden of space that is needed to store the hard copies of Cvs. Thus, different organizations (governmental and nongovernmental) are expected for source for candidates through the online requirement system. ORS should be the determinants of recruitment due to its benefits which has astounding advantages.